![]() Carbon dioxide is retained, making a bicarbonate-buffered blood and interstitium possible.Total dead space (also known as physiological dead space) is the sum of the anatomical dead space and the alveolar dead space.īenefits do accrue to a seemingly wasteful design for ventilation that includes dead space. Mammals breathe in and out of their lungs, wasting that part of the inhalation which remains in the conducting airways where no gas exchange can occur.Ĭomponents It means that not all the air in each breath is available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. eĭead space is the volume of air that is inhaled that does not take part in the gas exchange, because it either remains in the conducting airways or reaches alveoli that are not perfused or poorly perfused.pH is an indicator of the relative acidity or alkalinity of a solution Symbol relating the hydrogen ion concentration or activity of a solution to that of a standard solution approximately equal to the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. Oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetryĬ aO 2 ![]() Oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin of arterial blood ![]() P ( a/ A)O 2Īlveolar-arterial tension ratio P aO 2: P AO 2 The term oxygen exchange index describes this ratio.Ĭ ( a- v)O 2Īrteriovenous oxygen content difference The term formerly used ( A-a D O 2) is discouraged. P ( A- a)O 2Īlveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. P ACO 2Īlveolar carbon dioxide tension, or partial pressure P aCO 2Īrterial carbon dioxide tension, or partial pressure P AO 2Īlveolar oxygen tension, or partial pressure Inhaled air not part of gas exchange Blood gas, acid-base, and gas exchange terms P aO 2Īrterial oxygen tension, or partial pressure
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